Síntomas afectivos en profesionales que laboran en la atención a casos positivos de COVID-19 / Affective symptoms in professionals who work in the positive COVID-19 cases care

RESUMEN Fundamento La COVID-19 implica retos específicos para los trabajadores de la salud, los cuales representan una mayor carga de estrés. Ello confiere interés y relevancia al estudio de la esfera afectiva en este sector, protagonista en la atención a pacientes positivos de COVID-19. Objetivo caracterizar síntomas afectivos en profesionales que laboran en la atención a casos positivos de COVID-19. Métodos se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, en profesionales de la salud que laboran en la atención a pacientes positivos a la COVID-19; enmarcado entre los meses de abril y julio del 2020, en el hospital Manuel Fajardo Rivero de Santa Clara. La población de estudio fueron 82 trabajadores (enfermeros y tecnólogos de la Salud). Las variables estudiadas fueron sexo, categoría profesional y rango de severidad de los síntomas afectivos (depresión y ansiedad). Resultados la totalidad de los profesionales presentó algún grado de ansiedad, con predominio de la forma moderada (64,6 %). El 63,4 % no manifestó depresión, sin embargo, el 43,47 % de los que tuvieron este síntoma fueron mujeres, y el 52,63 % enfermeros de profesión. La ansiedad en forma moderada afectó al 72,22 % de los hombres, 58,69 % de las mujeres, y el 68,42 % de los enfermeros. Conclusión Entre los síntomas afectivos en profesionales que laboran en la atención de casos positivos a la COVID 19 se observó un predominio de la ansiedad. Este estudio explora aspectos de la salud mental que avizoran sobre la importancia de intervenciones futuras.

ABSTRACT Background COVID-19 involves specific challenges for healthcare workers, which represent a greater burden of stress. This confers interest and relevance to the study of the affective sphere in this sector, a protagonist in the positive COVID-19 patient's care. Objective to characterize affective symptoms in professionals who work in the positive COVID-19 cases care. Methods a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in health professionals who work in the positive COVID-19 patient's care; between April and July 2020, at the Manuel Fajardo Rivero hospital in Santa Clara. 82 workers (nurses and health technologists) were the study population. The variables studied were sex, professional category and range of severity of affective symptoms (depression and anxiety). Results all the professionals presented some degree of anxiety, with a predominance of the moderate form (64.6%). The 63.4% did not show depression, however, 43.47% of those who had this symptom were women, and 52.63% were professional nurses. Anxiety moderately affected 72.22% of men, 58.69% of women, and 68.42% of nurses. Conclusion Among the affective symptoms in professionals who work in the positive COVID 19 cases care, a predominance of anxiety was observed. This study explores aspects of mental health that foresee the importance of future interventions.

Fibroma condromixoide en el iliaco. Reporte de caso / Chondromyxoid fibroma in the iliac. Case report

Se trata de un paciente masculino de 31 años con diagnóstico de fibroma condromixoide del ilíaco derecho manejado en el Hospital Universitario San Ignacio en febrero del 2018. El paciente fue llevado inicialmente a biopsia abierta para confirmación histológica, posteriormente fue llevado a embolización preoperatoria, manejo intralesional con curetaje, fresado extendido, manejo adyuvante local y aplicación de cemento óseo. Se realiza seguimiento postoperatorio por 18 meses sin evidencia clínica ni radiográfica de recidiva tumoral. El objetivo de este trabajo es hacer una revisión de la literatura sobre el fibroma condromixoide con énfasis en su localización pélvica y su tratamiento.

We report a case of a 31-year-old male patient with diagnosis of chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) of the iliac bone diagnosed at Hospital Universitario San Ignacio in february 2018; an open biopsy allowed recognizement and description of cytologic features, forward diagnosis and treatment with combination of pre-operative embolization, local and extended curettage, local adyuvance and bone cement as described. At 18 months follow-up have found the patient remains without clinical or radiologic recurrence of CMF. We made a review of literature on chondromixoid fibroma emphasizing on pelvic bones compromise regarding diagnosis and management options.

Síndrome neurológico maligno: a propósito de un caso / Malignant neurological syndrome: about a case

RESUMEN Fundamento: los neurolépticos con efecto antipsicótico, son eficaces para controlar los síntomas de la esquizofrenia, delirios y alucinaciones. El síndrome neuroléptico maligno es el efecto adverso más grave ocasionado por los antipsicóticos. Objetivo: presentar un caso inusual de un paciente con diagnóstico de cuadro psicótico que presentó un síndrome neuroléptico maligno ocasionado por los antipsicóticos. Presentación del caso: se ingresa un paciente que escucha voces dentro de su cabeza y el médico lo nota hiperconcentrado además realizaba movimientos estereotipados con dificultades para deambular. Al septimo día de hospitalización comienza con rigidez generalizada, temblor, trastornos del lenguaje y disfagia que se interpreta como un síndrome extrapiramidal de causa medicamentosa, con cifras de creatininfosfoquinasa aumentadas. Se emplea la bromocriptina 2,5 mg cada 12 horas, además de hidratación enérgica, anticoagulación profiláctica con heparina de bajo peso molecular y evaluación periódica de la función respiratoria y renal. Conclusiones: el síndrome neurológico maligno corresponde a una reacción de tipo idiosincrático, producida por cualquier fármaco bloqueador del receptor de la dopamina asociada clásicamente a los fármacos antipsicóticos de alta potencia como haloperidol y flufenazina, como se observó en el caso, por lo que fue necesario identificar los signos prodrómicos de forma precoz y realizar las modificaciones terapéuticas de forma oportuna a fin de prevenir el cuadro grave y restablecer la salud del enfermo con mínimo riesgo.

ABSTRACT Background: neuroleptics with an antipsychotic effect are effective in controlling the symptoms of schizophrenia, delusions and hallucinations. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is the most serious adverse effect caused by antipsychotics. Objective: to present an unusual case of a patient with a diagnosis of psychotic symptoms who presented a neuroleptic malignant syndrome caused by antipsychotics. Case report: a patient who listens to voices inside his head is admitted and the doctor notes that he was hyperconcentrated and performed stereotyped movements with difficulties in wandering. At the 7th day of hospitalization he begins with generalized rigidity, tremor, language disorders and dysphagia that is interpreted as an extrapyramidal syndrome of drug cause, with increased creatinine phosphokinase (CK) levels. Bromocriptine 2.5 mg every 12 hours is used, in addition to vigorous hydration, prophylactic anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin and periodic assessment of respiratory and renal function. Conclusions: the malignant neurological syndrome corresponds to an idiosyncratic reaction, produced by any dopamine receptor blocker drug classically associated with high potency antipsychotic drugs such as haloperidol and fluphenazine, as observed in the case presented in the article, so it was necessary to identify the prodromal signs early and make the therapeutic changes in a timely manner in order to prevent the serious condition and restore the health of the patient with minimal risk.

As funções executivas na figura complexa de Rey: relação entre planejamento e memória nas fases do teste / The executive functions in Rey complex figure: correlation between planning and memory at phases of test

A Figura Complexa de Rey é um teste neuropsicológico clássico, amplamente utilizado em diversos países, porém ainda com poucos estudos brasileiros associados às funções executivas. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar um estudo de validação da Figura de Rey para capacidade de planejamento, bem como investigar a influência do planejamento na memória visual. A amostra foi composta por 149 participantes de ambos os sexos (54,9 por cento feminino), com idades entre 9 e 16 anos (M=12,5 anos; DP=2,45 anos), de escolas públicas (58,4 por cento) e particulares do município de Curitiba. Os resultados indicaram uma correlação positiva entre as fases de cópia e reprodução de memória (r=0,50; p<0,001), sugerindo uma correlação entre o planejamento da cópia e o desempenho de memória. Os subgrupos formados por indivíduos com planejamentos adequados e insuficientes na cópia da Figura de Rey demonstraram escores significativamente diferentes na reprodução de memória (t=3,15; gl=147; p=0,002), com pontuação superior para o subgrupo com bom planejamento na cópia.

The Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test is a classical neuropsychological test widely used in several countries. However, there are little researches with Rey Figure and executive functions in Brazil. The aim of this research was to carry out a validation study of the Rey Figure for planning, as well as to investigate the influence of planning on visual memory. The sample consisted of 149 students of both genders (54.9 percent female), aged between 9 and 16 (M=12.5 years; SD=2.45 years), from public (58.4 percent) and private schools in the city of Curitiba. Results indicated a positive correlation between the copy and the memory reproduction stages of the Rey Figure (r=0.49; p<0.001), suggesting a correlation between planning of the copy and memory performance. The subgroups composed by individuals with adequate and insufficient planning in the copy of the Rey Figure presented significantly different scores in the memory reproduction (t=3.15; gl=147; p=0.002), with higher scores for the subgroup that demonstrated a good planning at the copy stage.